Ok, so here are the two differences I can spot now between S3D and Cura:
S3D uses relative extruder coordinates on each layer, and;
S3D uses G1 moves, but Cura uses G0 and G1. However - both Cura files, with and without Coast enabled, use the G0 moves but no coast doesn't make the noise.
Cura + Coast and print/coast speeds being equal, as you suggested, extruder still clicks/bangs like it is trying to rapidly accelerate and can't. I'm beyond my ability to interpret gcode, so maybe something will stand out to you. I also know the speeds are not identical - tried to get them close but have sliced so many test files of this I am starting to lose track. By the way, I have not experienced this slicing with Rep Host, slic3r, or Mattercontrol, although those don't have a coast option, but otherwise this behavior is anomalous.
Cura + Coast (a few layers in):
;LAYER:3
G0 X54.211 Y-4.4 Z0.9
G0 X45.27 Y4.73
G0 X45.2 Y4.8
;TYPE:WALL-OUTER
G1 F1800 X45.2 Y-4.8 E141.29238
G1 X54.8 Y-4.8 E141.60627
G1 X54.8 Y4.8 E141.92016
G1 X45.825 Y4.8 E142.21362
G0 X45.2 Y4.8
G0 F15000 X45.2 Y4.6
G0 X45.379 Y4.401
;TYPE:SKIN
G1 F3000 E142.23406
G1 F1200 X54.4 Y-4.62 E142.6512
G0 X54.47 Y-4.69
G0 F15000 X54.619 Y-4.273
S3D + Coast, same place, same layer, although paths are slightly different:
G1 X45.720 Y4.280 F9000
G1 E0.0000 F3000
G92 E0
G1 X45.720 Y-4.280 E0.3416 F1800
G1 X54.280 Y-4.280 E0.6833
G1 X54.280 Y4.280 E1.0249
G1 X46.020 Y4.280 E1.3546
G1 X45.720 Y4.280 F1800
; outer perimeter
G1 X45.240 Y4.760 F9000
G92 E0
G1 X45.240 Y-4.760 E0.3800 F1200
G1 X54.760 Y-4.760 E0.7599
G1 X54.760 Y4.760 E1.1399
G1 X45.540 Y4.760 E1.5079
G1 X45.240 Y4.760 F1200
; solid layer
G1 X46.638 Y3.872 F9000