I was having the same issue on a 3 monitor setup, Windows 10 x64.
I had been using Cura 4.6.1 to slice with no issues, I closed the program and then went to re-open about 30 minutes later and it just wouldn't load. Reboot, reinstall, trying Cura 4.4 which i still had installed, installing 4.7, nothing would make it load on any version.
I eventually found the issue and it's not one I've seen mentioned before so thought I would share.
I run GPUTweak for my graphics card, it has an option for an On Screen Display (OSD) overlay which i never use.
Somehow this got enabled (probably via a keyboard shortcut which is the same in another application) and as soon as I disabled this, Cura started.
I re-enabled it and Cura would fail to load again.
Just something for people to try should they also be running GPUTweak or other software with overlays (FRAPS, MSI Afterburner etc)