According to the comments on this YouTube video:
It seems that if "Compensate Wall Overlaps" option is enabled Cura will totally ignore the "Maximum Resolution" setting and it will generate a ton of 0.01 mm moves. You see, when the "Maximum Resolution" setting is ignored the control card catch up the printing speed and the printer needs to stop or slow down a little bit.
Also, I followed the suggestions on this video:
It helped a lot. But in my previous post I showed the result out of his suggestions (changing baud speed, increasing buffer in Marlin and slowing outer wall speed). You see, that Cura is still behind Slic3r in quality.
What interesting is that, I remember the first time I printed the 3DBenchy, it was excellent. Then I remembered that I printed it from the SDCard not from OctoPrint.
So, it really seems that the source of my problems with my 3DBenchy prints are all about the high detail that the control card can not keep up with. And thinking that the same file resulted a smaller G-Code with Slic3r also makes me think that Slic3r is cleverly removing details. Here they are talking some kind of clever simplification that will keep the curvines of the edges while simplifying the data: https://github.com/slic3r/Slic3r/issues/3888#issuecomment-298214369
Now I updated the Firmware reintroduced the SDCard functionality, will update the firmware and print the same file from SDCard. I'll report back my findings.