They need a regular lube with a drop of sewing machine oil.
To clean them dampen a cloth with oil and rub them, then move the head around and rub them again. Continue this till most of the gunk is removed. it should clean most of it up. The outer side rails have Bushes not bearings. so its good to give them a good clean every so often.
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model_dude 1
I have also just noticed this on our UM2, but on the side axis rails (y-axis?) - especially the rail on the left as you look at the front of the printer (see pic below). There is some wear on the opposite side rail but not as bad. It does not rub off and looks to me like the markings you might get if metal has been rubbing on metal? Looks dark in this pic but at another angle it might look more silvery. There is no sign of this wear on the front and rear rails, nor on the rods for the print head. I have also routinely lubricated the rails/rods with sewing machine oil.
I am wondering if this might be due to a bad linear bearing? There is also a slight screeching sound that seems to correlate to the markings on the rail but I can't pinpoint the sound 100% to that particular spot, or whether it is coming from the pulley area near the back left corner (but which still correlates to the markings on the rail if you understand what I mean).

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