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Welp, re-slicing (with all the same settings) seems to have fixed this, so I speculate that maybe data corruption in the process of writing or reading the print to/from the SD card, or a damaged SD card (it's been heavily used) maybe made the UM "think" it saw a gcode to retract/unload the filament completely. I wouldn't have thought such a code could be a thing but that was before a quick web search turned up several results similar to this: https://www.bondtech.se/2018/05/03/load-unload-script/