JohnnyApplesack

Scaling up actually works quite well. I bit the bullet, scaled x and y up to 110% (from 100%) and then in my model added a chamfer with variable lengths to both the top and bottom of my cylinder. Messed around with it a few times and got it coming out really clean. The tolerances are now good, Z tolerance never needed to be adjusted thankfully so its all fine and dandy. I think the issue has to do with the print being hollow and specifically with this geometry. The shrinkage (in my experience) also varies with z height (I measured it with a caliper). So where one part of my print tapers, the tolerance gradually fixes itself the more layers it prints. I can provide photos as well if wanted but I think tapering the CAD model and then scaling up XY in the slicer will work in almost all cases.

I have been experiencing the same issue. I also have an ender 3 v2 and slice with Ultimaker Cura. I am printing a small rotary shaft, about 1/8" diameter. Printing normally presents no issues but the seam creates asymmetries causing mechanical vibration. Printing in vase mode prints perfectly, but then (as you said) shrinks the diameter down for me about 0.1mm. If you print base layers, you will notice the base layers are the proper dimension, but then it shrinks was soon as there is no interior to the printed wall. Moreover, in Cura it is properly dimensioned. I think this might have to do with the fact that we are printing cylinders. Perhaps the melted filament is being "pulled" in because it is only sitting on one previous layer and the print head is moving in a a circle.... but I am not really sure. I can't scale the print either because I print base layers as this tiny little rod is superglued to something else. Which is unfortunate because otherwise we could just scale the mesh in Cura in just x and y directions and solve our problem. Edit: I just did the same exact print (same exact settings) in Prusa slicer instead and had the same issue. I think you quite literally have to scale your entire model except for the first 0.4mm just for those first two layers so the rest of it prints properly. Quite frustrating if I say so