I used polycarbonate for a weapon adapter for the combat robot and it held up. The weapon blade screws into the bottom of the adapter and the brushless outrunner presses into the top. CAD models shown in the attached pictures. I could't use flexible filament as it needs a fair amount of rigidity. I was skeptical that it would work as it is spinning at a few thousand RPM. I thought the screws would split it under the torque during impact, or it would just explode.
The adapter I made is on Cubey's Revenge, the taller tube robot with big blue wheels. This is one of the more violent fights and it didn't break.
I'm going to iterate on the adapter some more and experiment with 3D printed wheels that can hopefully survive horizontal spinners. Flexible filament might work well for the wheels, I just need to keep them under 14g or so.